WP pure tungsten electrodes
Tungsten material content ,W: ≥99.9%
National Standard: W1 -Pure Tungsten
American Standard: EWP -Pure Tungsten Electrode
Color Mark: Green
No addition of any rare earth oxides (excluding Th, Ce, La, Zr, etc.)
Compliance Standards
China: GB/T 4187-2017 Tungsten Rods, Tungsten Bars
International: AWS A5.12M/A5.12:2024, ISO 6848:2015
Purity Testing: GD-MS to trace Elements and ICP-MS or Carbon Sulfur Analyzer
| WP Pure Tungsten Electrode Chemical Composition Table (Mass Fraction, wt%)-GB/T 4187-2017 & AWS A5.12M | |||||||||||
| W | Fe | Si | C | Mo | Ca | Al | Mg | O | K | Na | Others |
| ≥99.9% | ≤ 0.010 | ≤ 0.010 | ≤ 0.010 | ≤ 0.005 | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.005 | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | ≤0.020 |
Pure tungsten electrode (WP) AC arc stability Overall conclusion: Under AC TIG welding (aluminum/magnesium alloys) conditions, the arc stability of pure tungsten electrodes is excellent, making it the classic choice for this scenario; however, under high current, high-frequency arc initiation, and DC conditions, the stability significantly decreases.
Core performance (standard AC conditions)
1. Terminal shape self-stabilization, under the action of AC arc, the pure tungsten tip will naturally form a round and smooth ball head, with uniform electric field distribution, the arc is circular, diffused gently, without biased or drifting arcs, and the arc beam does not deviate. This is its core advantage for adapting to AC welding.
2. Arc voltage/current fluctuations are small The discharge area of the ball head electrode is stable, electron emission is smooth, during the welding process, the arc length, heat output are uniform, the weld width and penetration consistency are good, suitable for continuous operations.
3. Better anti-interference ability Under normal argon protection and normal welding distance, it is less affected by air flow and slight fluctuations on the workpiece surface, and the probability of arc interruption is low.
Differences in stability under different conditions
1. Ideal conditions (recommended range)
• Current: 5 - 180A, medium-low current
• Welding material: aluminum, magnesium alloy
• Polarity: standard sinusoidal AC ,Best stability, smooth arc initiation, stable arc continuation, also the mainstream usage in the industry.
2. AC with high current (> 200A)
Stability significantly decreases The electron emission capacity of pure tungsten is weak, under high current, the temperature at the arc end rises sharply, the ball head is prone to softening, burning, deformation, resulting in arc bifurcation, jumping, drifting, and easy tungsten particle shedding, causing weld porosity.
3. High-frequency arc initiation / Frequent arc initiation Stability is average Compared to cerium tungsten and lanthanum tungsten, pure tungsten has a higher emission work, difficulty in arc initiation is greater, occasional arc initiation delay and instantaneous arc interruption occur during frequent arc initiation; after ignition, the arc can recover stability.
4. Square wave / Inverter AC (modern welders) The highest adaptability is to the standard sinusoidal AC; if the proportion of positive and negative half-waves of square wave AC is too large, the uniformity of the pure tungsten arc will be slightly inferior to lanthanum tungsten electrode.
5. Comparison with other tungsten electrodes (AC conditions)
• Compared with cerium tungsten / lanthanum tungsten: Under medium-low current, the arc of pure tungsten is more "stable and gentle", with obvious advantages in ball head shape; but the latter two have faster arc initiation, stronger stability under high current, and are more suitable for AC/DC dual-purpose scenarios.
• Compared with zirconium tungsten (WR2): The AC stability of both is similar, both are good at welding aluminum/magnesium; zirconium tungsten has slightly better anti-pollution performance, and pure tungsten has a higher cost performance.
• Compared with thorium tungsten: The AC arc of thorium tungsten is concentrated, prone to drifting, and its AC performance is far worse than pure tungsten.
Key factors affecting stability & improvement suggestions
1. The electrode must be ground into a cone shape, sharp corners are prohibited; in AC conditions, there is no need to deliberately sharpen it, reserve natural sphericalization space, forcibly sharpening will aggravate drifting arcs.
2. The protective gas should be priority high-purity argon gas, insufficient gas flow and low purity will cause electrode oxidation, directly destroying arc stability.
3. Current matching should be strictly controlled within 200A, for AC with high current, it is recommended to replace with lanthanum tungsten electrode.
4. Select standard sinusoidal AC welders, reasonably adjust the arc length to avoid elongating the arc and causing instability.
Each product we offer has been verified and approved by our sales department. The production department has completed manufacturing to high precision standards. The quality inspection department conducts strict inspections before delivering each product to customers.
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